Weigh a clean and dry Le Chatelier Flask or Specific Gravity Bottle with its stopper (W1). Place a sample of cement upto half of the flask (about 50 gm) and weight with its stopper (W2). Add kerosene (polar liquid) to cement in flask till it is about half full. Mix thoroughly with glass rod to remove entrapped air.

Why do we measure specific gravity of cement?

Significance of Specific Gravity of Cement – Based on the moisture content present in the cement, the specific gravity can either increase or decrease. The cement particles have pores or particles that can contain water within it. A nominal mix is prepared with a cement of specific gravity 3.15.

• Any change in this value of specific gravity will affect the mix design.
• Hence, it is necessary to test the specific gravity of the cement procured before mixing process.
• This is the main reason why we ignore the use of old stock cement.
• Old stock cement may be affected by external moisture content.
• A value of specific gravity of cement greater than 3.19 shows that the cement was not properly minced into fine powder during its production or the cement has more moisture content.

The presence of moisture content in cement is easily identified by the presence of chunks in cement.

What is the specific gravity of OPC 53 grade cement?

16.3.1 Materials and test specimens – Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC grade 53) manufactured by the Ultratech cement company from Gujarat, having a specific gravity of 3.15 g/cm 3, was used. Locally available 20 and 10-mm sized aggregates from around the Rajkot city area were used as coarse aggregates.

What is specific gravity of OPC cement?

Specific gravity is normally used in mixture proportioning calculations. The specific gravity of portland cement is generally around 3.15 while the specific gravity of portland-blast-furnace-slag and portland- pozzolan cements may have specific gravities near 2.90 (PCA, 1988 ).

What is the difference between specific gravity & density of cement?

Specific gravity refers to the ratio between the density in proportion to the density of a standard or reference. Water is usually used as a benchmark. Density, on the other hand, is measured in weight units relative to size.

What is specific gravity of cement in kg m3?

The density of cement is 1440 kg/m 3 and its specific gravity is around 3.15.

What is specific gravity and why test it?

Overview A urine test is a painless way for your healthcare provider to check your health and test for abnormalities. One thing your healthcare provider may check for in your urine sample test, or urinalysis, is specific gravity. A urine specific gravity test compares the density of urine to the density of water.

What is difference between 43 and 53 grade cement?

Compression Strength: – Cement grade indicates the compression strength of the cement concrete after 28 days of setting.43 Grade Cement attains compression strength of 43 Mpa (megapascals) in 28 days of setting compared to 53 Mpa attained by 53 Grade cement.

What is the weight of 1 m3 cement?

Typically, 1m3 of concrete is made up of 350Kg of cement, 700Kg of sand, 1,200Kg of chippings and 150 Litres of water.

Is specific gravity 1 density?

4.6.2 Specific Gravity – The specific gravity of a liquid is the relative weight of that liquid compared to an equal volume of water. The specific gravity of water is de facto 1. Liquids that are lighter than water have a specific gravity less than 1 and those heavier than water have a specific gravity greater than 1.

Specific gravity is dependent on the temperature, and most of the values found in the literature refer to STP conditions. Density v. Specific Gravity Although the two terms often are used interchangeably, there is a technical difference between specific gravity and density. Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance.

Water has a density of 1 kg/l at 4°C. When the specific gravity is defined based on water at 4°C, then the specific gravity is equal to the density of the liquid. However, if the specific gravity is expressed at different temperatures, it will no longer be equal to the density.

Although there is a difference between specific gravity and density, for the most part the values are similar enough to be used interchangeably in most situations. Specific gravity is an important concept to know when mixtures of immiscible liquids, such as gasoline and water, are present. It is possible that the particular location of a liquid within a mixture is of interest in a case.

Petroleum products, in general, have a low specific gravity, and will float on water. With an increasing number of carbons, the specific gravity of petroleum products increases. However, the specific gravity does not exceed one until products such as asphalt are considered.

1. Table 4-3 shows a list of compounds with their particular specific gravities.
2. Note that the rule of the increasing carbon number works well with the n-alkanes; however it is much more difficult to find a clear trend with other classes, such as the aromatics.
3. Also, note that aromatics exhibit a much greater specific gravity than their corresponding (in number of carbon atoms) aliphatics.

Finally, compounds with chlorine or sulfur typically exhibit a very high specific gravity, despite a small number of atoms. Table 4-3, Specific gravities of different chemical compounds

Aliphatics	Specific gravity
Pentane	0.626
Hexane	0.660
Octane	0.703
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane	0.716
Decane	0.730
Dodecane	0.749
Tetradecane	0.763
Methylcyclohexane	0.769
Octadecane	0.777
Pristane	0.783
Eicosane	0.789
Docosane	0.794
Tetracosane	0.799
Hexacosane	0.803
Octacosane	0.807
Nonacosane	0.808
Dotriacontane	0.812
d-Limonene	0.841
Adamantane	1.070
Aromatics
4-Ethyltoluene	0.861
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene	0.864
Toluene	0.867
Ethylbenzene	0.867
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene	0.867
Benzene	0.877
o -Xylene	0.880
1,2,3,5-Tetramethylbenzene	0.890
1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene	0.894
Styrene	0.906
4,7-Dimethylindane	0.949
4-Methylindane	0.958
Indane	0.964
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene	0.970
Indene	0.996
2,3-Dimethylnaphthalene	1.003
1-Methylnaphthalene	1.020
Naphthalene	1.162
Anthracene	1.283
Oxygenates
Diethyl ether	0.714
Isopropanol	0.786
Ethanol	0.789
Acetone	0.790
Methanol	0.791
Methyl isobutyl ketone	0.798
n-Propanol	0.804
Methyl ethyl ketone	0.805
n-Butanol	0.810
Cyclopentanone	0.949
Propylene glycol	1.036
Benzaldehyde	1.042
Dibutyl phthalate	1.047
Furfural	1.159
Dimethyl phthalate	1.191
Others
Carbon disulfide	1.263
Dichloromethane	1.327
Chloroform	1.483
Tetrachloromethane	1.594
Tetrachloroethylene	1.623

Read full chapter URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780126639711500087

What is specific gravity of cement in kg m3?

The density of cement is 1440 kg/m 3 and its specific gravity is around 3.15.

How does moisture affect the specific gravity of concrete?

Significance of the test – For most of the concretes we design, has a cement of specific gravity 3.15. But if the same cement is exposed to extreme moisture condition (humid weather), the value would change. The moisture content in the cement would increase or decrease the value.

• The fine cement particle can absorb moisture content into the pores.
• With such, the value of specific gravity would differ from what we were actually expecting.
• What do you think is the reason of avoiding old-stock cement from using? Well, that’s because the cement pores and particles can absorb water content from the atmosphere.

This would entirely change the mix design characteristics. As a result, the quality of concrete would not be that good. Same stands true for poorly manufactured cement. During manufacturing, the manufacturer may not properly mince cement clinker into fine particles or may be the cement has high moisture content.

• Small porous openings or minute particles in the cement grains allow water to pass through.
• A standard mix is made using 3.15 g/cc of cement’s specific gravity. A certain modification in the dry density factor of cement will have an impact on the mixture design.
• Therefore, if the cement is introduced to high levels of humidity owing to unfavorable weather, the specific gravity of the cement might rise to 3.19 g/cc.
• As a result, before beginning the mixing phase the cement’s specific gravity must be determined through a test.

What is the specific gravity of OPC cement?

The specific gravity of cement is defined as the mass of cement of a specified volume to the mass of water of the same volume of cement. OPC cement has a specific gravity of 3.15. How do you calculate the specific gravity of cement? 1. Clean the Lechatlier flask before use. It should be free from moisture.2.

What is the specific gravity of ordinary portland cement?

Specific Gravity of Cement: – The specific gravity of cement is the ratio of the weight of cement to the weight of volume displaced by it. Mathematically, it can be expressed as; The denominator in the above expression indicates the weight of the liquid displaced due to addition of cement into it. The specific gravity of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is 3.15. For the determination of specific gravity, water is not used. This is because when water is added to powdered cement, the hydration process commences. Therefore, kerosene is used as a replacement for water.

How do you calculate specific gravity of concrete?

What is the specific density of concrete? – The density of concrete varies, but is around 2,400 kilograms per cubic metre (150 lb/cu ft). Reinforced concrete is the most common form of concrete. The reinforcement is often steel rebar (mesh, spiral, bars and other forms).

How to find specific gravity of cement using kerosene?

Interesting point : – The reason behind kerosene is used to find out the specific gravity of cement and not the water is given below;

• In general, to calculate the specific gravity of the material, we use water.
• In the case of cement, we use kerosene for finding specific gravity of it.
• Cement hydrates and forms calcium oxide when it reacts with water
• Cement won’t show any type of reaction when it mixed with kerosene. Hence kerosene is used to find the specific gravity of cement instead of water.

I hope you learn some new concepts from my answer. Thank you.

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What is the density of Portland cement?

What is the specific density of concrete? – The density of concrete varies, but is around 2,400 kilograms per cubic metre (150 lb/cu ft). Reinforced concrete is the most common form of concrete. The reinforcement is often steel rebar (mesh, spiral, bars and other forms).