What Is Means And Methods In Construction?

What Is Means And Methods In Construction
Definition – Means and Methods of Construction — a term used in construction to describe the techniques and tactics (usually temporary structures) a contractor employs to complete construction of a permanent project or structure. In some cases, these activities may require design or engineering elements; the rigging of scaffolding for a particular purpose, calculations to support trenching/shoring activities, or engineering associated with tower crane bases are just a few examples of such “means and methods.” Means and methods of construction are ordinarily understood to be covered under general liability (GL) policies, but the lack of coverage for economic damages makes insuring this professional risk under a GL policy only semi-effective.

What are the means and methods?

The means simply stated are the instruments or equipment used to accomplish something. The methods simply stated are the techniques or procedures used to accomplish an end.

Who is responsible for the means and methods of the built project?

Article 3 – Contractor – This section indicates the terms for contractors, including what’s expected of them during the project. However, of particular interest to legal experts is section 3.3, which pertains to supervision and construction procedures.

The document explicitly states that the contractor is responsible for and has control over “construction means, methods, techniques, sequences, and procedures”, and is solely responsible for the job site safety of these things. In subsection 3.3.2, the document mentions the contractor’s responsibilities to the owner regarding subcontractors and sub-subcontractors (including suppliers or materialmen).

The contractor is in charge all actions or omissions of employees, subcontractors, and sub-subcontractors, in addition to any damages, expenses, costs, or losses that result from their actions or omissions. Following in part 3.3.3.1, it is noted that the contractor is to require subcontractors and sub-subcontractors to inspect their work prior to proceeding with additional work.

Advancing their work indicates that the subcontractor or sub-subcontractor has done so, and waives the right to any claims that result from their failure to inspect their work. The rest of Article 3 discusses the contractor’s responsibility to hire appropriate talent, procure materials, and ensure all materials and equipment are free from defects.

In addition, section 3.12.8 mentions that the contractor will be held responsible for deviating from the requirements listed in the contract documents unless they have informed the architect in writing and has received approval to do so. Perhaps most important to legal teams lies in section 3.18 regarding indemnification.

Liabilities, costs, or damages stemming from work performance Death or bodily injury of subcontractors, sub-subcontractors, and employees Immigration reform violations

Clearly, there is a large amount of liability on the general contractor role, as they assume most of the responsibility of the project.

What are examples of method?

Method Sentence Examples We have already seen this method work. Now I’m able to adjust my method of operation accordingly. His method was direct — addressing her needs with simple statements and questions. This method in one shape or another has been often employed.

Who is generally in control of the means and methods in a construction contract?

Contractor Authority Over Means And Methods – Construction & Planning – United States CONTRIBUTOR To print this article, all you need is to be registered or login on Mondaq.com. A central principle of construction contracts is that, where a contractor (a) commits to construct in accordance with plans and specifications (b) provided by the owner (c) in exchange for payment of a firm, fixed price, the contractor controls its means and methods, unless the plans and specifications clearly dictate a particular means or method.

( For example, the structural engineer may specify a particular jacking procedure for raising a space frame.) When the owner, after contract execution, requires the contractor to perform in a different manner than the contractor planned, even though the contractor’s original plan also meets the contract requirements, the contractor is due compensation for the increased costs it suffers as a result of this direction.

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This principle was again at play in Columbia Construction Co.v. General Services Administration. In 2009, Columbia Construction Co. (“Columbia”) contracted with the General Services Administration (“GSA”) to upgrade an existing IRS service center in Andover, Massachusetts.

The upgrade included a whole building renovation and, pertinent to this case, included an upgrade of the building’s security system. Columbia subcontracted with Wayne J. Griffin Electric, Inc. (“Griffin”) for Griffin to provide the electrical, communications, and security contract work. The security system work was detailed in multiple specifications and drawings in the contract documents.

The pre-existing building security system was an “open” system, with security cabling not run in conduit or raceways. According to the plans and specifications, in the renovated building this security wiring was required to be “concealed or in conduit (EMT) unless specifically approved in writing by the contracting officer.” The specifications defined “concealed” as follows: “covered completely by building materials, except for penetrations (by boxes and fittings) to a level flush with the surface as necessitated by functional or specified accessibility requirements.” Griffin interpreted these specifications to mean that it would be permitted to install security cabling in cable trays either above the ceiling or underneath the raised access floor, because this would “cover” the security cabling “with building materials.” When GSA observed Griffin installing security cable on cable trays in the raised access floor system, the GSA Contracting Officer (“CO”) immediately directed Griffin to stop this work.

  • GSA then instructed Columbia in writing to install cabling in conduit “per the contract.” Griffin noted its disagreement with this interpretation, but began installing security wiring in cable tray per the GSA direction.
  • Griffin then submitted a request for equitable adjustment (“REA”) to Columbia for the costs it claimed it would incur as a result of being forced to install security cable in conduit.

Columbia passed this REA through to the GSA. After a series of meetings to discuss security cabling, GSA rejected this REA and required Griffin to continue installing security wiring in conduit. Columbia submitted a certified claim to GSA on behalf of Griffin, which the CO denied.

Columbia then appealed this decision to the Civilian Board of Contract Appeals (the “Board”), the judicial body which governs appeals from CO decisions of the GSA, Department of Veterans Affairs, and other civilian governmental bodies. The Board ruled in favor of Columbia and Griffin. The Board noted that the contract gave the contractor the option of using conduit or another installation method that concealed the security cabling by covering it completely in building materials.

The Board rejected the GSA’s argument that the drop ceiling and the raised access flooring did not meet the definition of “building materials” under a plain interpretation of the contract. Considering the contract as a whole, and the various other specifications that clearly showed that “concealed” could include installation below the raised access flooring or above the drop ceiling, the Board held that it would be unreasonable to interpret the contract to exclude security cabling from this permitted installation method.

Because “GSA unreasonably stopped planned installation” it was required to “pay the increased price for demanding that the security cabling be installed in conduit.” This case demonstrates once again that the Government cannot require more than its plans and specifications require without paying its contractor additional compensation.

It is also of interest because of what was revealed in discovery. The Government produced a document from a GSA electrical engineer that essentially admitted that the GSA requirement to use conduit exceeded the security system specifications, and noted that “if this case were to proceed forward, the government would likely be found responsible for a large portion of the stated costs.” The document also detailed a lack of consensus among GSA personnel as to whether conduit was required for this installation.

The Board cited this document in its decision, although it did not state that it based its decision on it. The document was certainly harmful to the Government’s position, and it brings to mind another practice point: be aware that non-privileged project documentation and correspondence is likely discoverable and could one day wind up in the hands of potential adversaries.

As such, make sure that such documentation is accurate and factual, but be wary of including negative discussions of issues or “lessons learned” in such written documentation. In addition, be sure your counsel is aware of any such documentation when you seek guidance about the merits of your case.

The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances. AUTHOR(S) POPULAR ARTICLES ON: Real Estate and Construction from United States Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP Security deposits are a fundamental landlord protection under leases with the expectation of tenants that the deposits will be returned upon the expiration of the lease.

: Contractor Authority Over Means And Methods – Construction & Planning – United States

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What are the five main project delivery methods?

Print/Save as PDF Choosing a project delivery method is an important step in the early design process. The delivery method determines how the architect and contractor execute your project and can significantly impact your budget and schedule. Before you decide on a method, be sure to weigh the pros and cons. The five most common project delivery methods include:

Design-bid-build Design-Build Design-negotiate-build Construction Manager At-Risk Construction Manager Agent

At Neumann Monson, we partner with clients who use each method. Each has its benefits and drawbacks, and the “ideal” method depends on your organization, project type, and scope. As you head into your building project, make sure you have a clear understanding of which method best fits your needs and goals. Here, we help set your project up for success with an unbiased outline of each method.

What are the three project delivery methods?

Today’s most common project delivery methods include: Design-Build (DB) Design-Bid-Build (DBB) Construction Management-at-Risk (CMAR)

Whats is a method?

Meth·​od ˈmeth-əd. : a procedure or process for attaining an object : as. : a systematic procedure, technique, or mode of inquiry employed by or proper to a particular discipline see scientific method. : a way, technique, or process of or for doing something.

What is called method?

Method Calls – A method is a routine that applies to a particular class of objects. Once an object is declared, you can refer to it by its identifier when calling methods. The following example calls the SetActive method on the Find dialog box: Find.SetActive () You can call methods for a window that has not previously been declared using a special identifier for dynamic instantiation.

The syntax varies depending on whether you use INC files. When you record a test case with the Open Agent, Silk Test Classic creates locator keywords in an INC file to create scripts that use dynamic object recognition and window declarations. You can also manually create test cases that use dynamic object recognition without an INC file.

Dynamic object recognition uses a Find or FindAll function and an XPath query to locate the objects that you want to test. No INC file, window declarations, or tags are required. Use the following syntax with INC files: class(“tag”).class(“tag”). The following example calls a method on a dynamic instantiation of Find : MainWin(“Text Editor -*”).DialogBox(“Find”).SetActive () Use the following syntax without INC files: Find class name ( locator ).

How many types of construction methods are there?

Background – Construction involves the creation of physical structures such as buildings, bridges or railways. Bricks are small rectangular blocks that can be used to form parts of buildings, typically walls. Before 7,000 BC, bricks were formed from hand-molded mud and dried by the sun.

  • During the Industrial Revolution, mass-produced bricks became a common alternative to stone.
  • Stone was typically more expensive, less predictable and more difficult to handle.
  • Bricks remain in common use.
  • They are small and easy to handle, strong in compression, durable and low maintenance.
  • They can be formed into complex shapes, providing ample opportunity for the construction of aesthetic designs.

The four basic types of structure are residential, institutional and commercial, industrial, and infrastructure/heavy.

Whats the difference between GC and CM?

General Contractor vs. Construction Manager Whether you’re researching for a new project or looking to get into the construction field, understanding the ins and outs of all potential roles can get complicated. Construction projects don’t just get designed and built overnight, and sometimes there can be hundreds of people involved that bring a construction project to life.

General Contractor Construction Manager
Business entity Individual
Hired through bidding process Hired based on experience and credentials
Begins work after design process Involved in pre-design phase
Builds entire project from beginning to completion Oversees project from pre-design to completion
On job site physically construction entire project Not involved directly on the job site

The key difference between a General Contractor (GC) and a Construction Manager (CM) is that a GC will be a business entity, and a CM will be an individual. GCs are going to be hired as a 3rd party through a bidding process to manage the construction of a predetermined design, while a CM will work on behalf of the company owner and be hired based on qualifications to work on a project from design to completion.

What are the six 6 types of project management methods?

What are the Types of Project Management Methodologies? – Specific examples of project management methodologies – each with its unique advantages and limitations – include, but are not limited to:

  • Agile – Developed in the 1970s, Agile tries to increase an organization’s flexibility by using short development periods – called “sprints” – to complete projects. Each sprint can be continuously reexamined, giving teams opportunities to make improvements rapidly.
  • Waterfall – Waterfall project management, often used in software development is a structured, step-by-step process to bring a project through a series of phases and to completion.
  • Critical Path – Critical path methodology defines project tasks based on which step will take the longest and therefore most likely to affect timelines and project deadlines.
  • Scrum – Scrum is less a specific technique than an overarching framework to understand various stakeholders and processes in a project and includes ways to examine a project’s effectiveness and identify ways to improve your process.
  • Lean Six Sigma – Six Sigma focuses on statistical analysis to measure business functions and relies on five distinct steps to evaluate processes: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control. Earning a graduate certificate in Six Sigma can help you prepare for the certification exam.
  • PRINCE2 – A relatively new concept, PRINCE2 expands on the traditional project evaluation constraints (time, cost and scope and quality) with benefit and risk. It also defines those considerations as “tolerances” instead of constraints.

Another option is to build a customized method that fits the needs of your organization and projects that steals pieces of some of the distinct methods above. According to Anthony Allen, business faculty lead at Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU), most fall somewhere along a continuum. On the one end, you have standardized or traditional project management methodologies; at the other end are customized or agile methodologies.

  • Nevertheless, each is a tool that emphasizes accountability and continual improvement as a project moves through the PMBOK® Guide processes from initiating through to closing.
  • While no single project management methodology works perfectly every time, a 2015 study in the “International Journal of Project Management” showed a positive relationship between using a project management methodology and achieving project success.

Indeed, the authors found that the “application of a PMM (project management methodology) accounts for 22% of the variation in project success.”

What are contracting methods?

Contracting Method. : means the way a contract is entered into. There are, primarily, three ways of entering into contracts in the GN; Request for Tenders, Request for Proposals and Sole Sourcing. Another way of entering into a contract is by negotiation, however, only Cabinet may use or approve this method.

What does method mean mean?

Meth·​od ˈmeth-əd. : a procedure or process for attaining an object : as. : a systematic procedure, technique, or mode of inquiry employed by or proper to a particular discipline see scientific method. : a way, technique, or process of or for doing something.

What are the four methods of definition?

Here are just four among the many types of definitions: (1) Definition by synonym; (2) Ostensive definitions; (3) Stipulative definitions, and. (4) Analytical definitions.

What words mean method?

Thesaurus results for METHOD How is the word method different from other nouns like it? Some common synonyms of method are,,,, and, While all these words mean “the means taken or procedure followed in achieving an end,” method implies an orderly logical arrangement usually in steps.

  1. Effective teaching methods Where would fashion be a reasonable alternative to method ? The words and method are synonyms, but do differ in nuance.
  2. Specifically, fashion may suggest a peculiar or characteristic way of doing something.
  3. Rushing about in his typical fashion How do manner and mode relate to one another, in the sense of method ? is close to but may imply a procedure or method that is individual or distinctive.

an odd manner of conducting In what contexts can mode take the place of method ? Although the words and method have much in common, mode implies an order or course followed by custom, tradition, or personal preference. the preferred mode of transportation When can system be used instead of method ? While the synonyms and method are close in meaning, system suggests a fully developed or carefully formulated method often emphasizing rational orderliness. Style MLA Chicago APA Merriam-Webster “Method.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/method. Accessed 9 Dec.2022. : Thesaurus results for METHOD

What is meant by the mean?

Geometric Mean – The geometric mean is more complicated and uses a more complex formula. To formula for calculating the geometric mean is to multiply all values within a data set. Then, take the root of the sum equal to the quantity of values within that data set.