Masonry bricks/blocks should be joined with a mortar which is relatively weaker than the mix used for making blocks in order to avoid the formation of cracks. A rich mortar (strong) tends to make a wall too inflexible/rigid thus limiting the effects of minor movements due to temperature and moisture variations resulting in cracking of the bricks/blocks.

Which motor is used in brick masonry?

Masonry bricks/blocks should be joined with a mortar which is relatively weaker than the mix used for making blocks in order to avoid the formation of cracks. A rich mortar (strong) tends to make a wall too inflexible/rigid thus limiting the effects of minor movements due to temperature and moisture variations resulting in cracking of the bricks/blocks.

Which mortar is used for brick masonry?

🕑 Reading time: 1 minute Various grades of mortar such as M1, M2 etc. are used in brickwork construction. Lime mortar and cement mortar are two types of mortar generally used for brickwork. The properties, strength and uses of these mortars under various circumstances should be known.1.

1. The strength of brickwork does not depend on the grade of the mortar used, i.e.
2. Various mortar mixes of different grades such as M1 and M2 have different strengths, but it does not affect the strength of brickwork.
3. For example, mortars of mix ratios 1:6 and 1:4 give the same strength of brickwork with the same type of bricks, although these have different strengths.

That means, the strength of brickwork depends on the strength of bricks.2. When the mortar mix ratio of 1:3 is used for cement to sand or (cement + lime) to sand ratio, provides a dense mortar with fewer voids.3. Advantages of Lime Mortar – Even though the strength of lime mortar is less than cement mortar, the advantages of adding lime in mortar are as follows:

Shrinkage in mortar is less, thus less liable to cracks due to shrinkage.Lime increases the workability and plasticity of the mortar mix.Lime has a good water retention capacity and does not evaporate quickly. Also, dry bricks are not able to suck water from the lime mortar.Lime increases the volume of mortar and fills the voids thus making it water resistant. So, lime mortar provides more water tightness and resistance against rain penetration.Bonding of lime mortar with bricks is better.Cement-lime mortar is more flexible and can accommodate the normal movements of brick masonry without cracking. Thus, cement lime mortar, in general, is less liable to cracking than cement mortar.

4. Lime mortar gains strength slowly and has lower ultimate strength than cement mortar. Again, lime mortar having hydraulic lime attains better and early strength. Lime mortar using fat lime don’t harden at all in wet locations. Properties of semi-hydraulic lime are intermediate between those of hydraulic and fat lime mortars. Mortar in Brickwork Construction 6. Following factors affect the strength of cement mortar for the same ratio of cement and sand:

Grading of sandFineness and coarseness of sandAngularity and roundness of the sand particles

The plasticity property of cement mortar mix also varies with the fineness of the sand for the same ratio of cement and sand. Plasticity of cement mortar can also be increased by increasing the quantity of cement added, but this will make mortar more uneconomical.

The quantity of water to be added should be just enough to give sufficient workability to the mix which should also vary based on the above three factors. In case, the above three factors are such which leads to the use of less water, then the strength of the mortar will be more.7. When fineness of sand increases, the workability of the cement-mortar mix increases, but also increases the surface area of the sand for which requirement increases for cement and water quantity for the same strength.

If the cement quantity is not increased, then strength will be less. More water will be required to achieve the desired workability. This condition increases the water-cement ratio, therefore reducing the strength.8. Curing is absolutely necessary to achieve the maximum strength and to get the maximum coating of the available cement around sand particles.9.

Mortar richer than a mix ratio of 1:3 is not used in brickwork masonry construction because of high shrinkage and no appreciable gain in strength of masonry, although the strength of mortar itself increases. With the use of strong mortar, cracks will be fewer and wider, while with weak mortar, cracking will be distributed as thin hair cracks.

Stresses due to differential movement of masonry due to expansion, contraction etc. are also reduced by using weak mortar, because weak mortar can easily accommodate the movements. Hence, when strong mortar is not necessary from consideration of strength, weak mortar should be used.

1. As lean mortar of just cement and sand is harsh, pervious, less workable and less plastic, it is preferable to use composite mortar of cement, lime and sand.10.
2. Lime-based mortars such as cement-lime mortar or lime mortar give higher strength of brickwork for the same mortar strength compared to cement mortar.

For example, Cement-sand ratio of 1:6 has mortar strength of 30 kg/cm 2 and brickwork strength of 5.5 kg/cm 2, while cement-lime and the sand-mix ratio of 1:1:6 has mortar strength of 30 kg/cm 2 has higher brickwork strength of 7 kg/cm 2,11. The common defects in mortar during brickwork construction are found to be:

Improper mixingExcessive water contentUnduly thick bedHigh suction of brick and less water retentivity of mortarUneven jointsVoids in vertical jointsDisturbance of bricks just after laying

12. Overly thick joints reduce the strength of the brickwork.13. Addition of pozzolana increases the strength of the mortar and makes it more resistant to chemical attacks.

Is usually used for brick masonry?

Mostly used material for bonds in brick masonry is cement mortar. Lime mortar and mud mortar are also used. Longer narrow face of the brick is called as stretcher as shown in the elevation of figure below.

Which type of mortar is most suitable for masonry?

By: Joseph Contreras As discussed in our October newsletter article about repointing, mortar is the material that is used to bond two units of masonry together. Although sometimes confusing, it is very important to select the correct type of mortar for a construction project.

• While all mortar should be resistant to moisture infiltration, mortar mixes vary based on strength, bonding and flexibility.
• The compressive strength of mortar is measured in pounds per square inch (PSI).
• It’s a common belief that the stronger the mortar, the better; however, if the mortar installed is stronger than the masonry units, it will cause the softer masonry to spall and crack.

Bonding refers to the ability for mortar to adhere to the unit it’s applied to. Good boding properties are necessary when building a foundation; however, this is not the case when repointing a structurally sound wall. High bonding mortar would most likely dirty the face of the wall, resulting in an undesirable aesthetic.

• Flexibility might be an important factor in determining the correct mortar mix.
• This mortar property, referred to as elasticity, allows for the movement of structures.
• A flexible mortar with a higher concentration of lime might be the better choice for repair work on a tall building.
• A stronger cement mortar would not be able to withstand the sway, or the expansion and contraction, of the higher structure.

Finding the correct balance between strength and elasticity is essential in choosing the correct type of mortar for the job. All traditional mortars are essentially a blend of sand, Portland cement and hydrated lime. These three ingredients are mixed at different proportions depending on the intended use. Type N mortar is the most common type, and is usually recommended on exterior, above-grade walls. This general-purpose mortar has good bonding capabilities. And since the cement is not overburdened by Portland, it cures more slowly and allows for better workability.

Type N mortar has a compressive strength of about 750 PSI, which is ideal for use with semi-soft stone or masonry applications. It’s more elastic than a high strength mortar, which helps to prevent cracking and spalling of adjacent masonry units. Although commonly used in setting bricks, Type N can also be used for repointing newer brickwork.

Type M mortar is the strongest of the four, and has a compressive strength of 2500 PSI. Type M mortar should be used when the structure has to withstand high gravity and/or lateral loads. Type M mortar is also a good choice for hard stone projects where the compressive strength of the stone is greater than 2500 PSI.

The characteristics of Type M mortar make it ideal for below grade applications, such as at foundations and retaining walls. Type S mortar is a medium strength mortar achieving a compressive strength of approximately 1800 PSI. Type S mortar can be used on at/or below grade exterior walls, and hard coat traditional stucco systems.

The strength and bonding properties of Type S mortar are greater than that of Type N, and the increased amount of lime in Type S allows the mortar to withstand excessive moisture and increases its bonding and elastic capabilities. Type O mortar has the weakest compressive strength, approximately 350 PSI. Although there are other scientifically modified blends of cement, these four types are the most commonly used forms of mortar. A thorough understanding of the structural requirements of a project is necessary in order to choose the correct one. Building owners and contractors should consult with a structural engineer if there are questions as to what type of mortar should be used. Recent Posts

Which machine is used to make bricks?

Brick making machine has different names based on the bricks it produces. When this machine produces hollow blocks, it is called a hollow block machine, It is called a concrete block machine when it produces solid concrete blocks. When you use interlocking molds in your production line, it is called an interlocking brick machine,

What are the 3 types of mortars?

Thin-Set, Mastic, and Epoxy Tile Mortar – Mortar for comes in three basic types: Thin-set, mastic, and epoxy mortar.

What are the 4 types of mortar?

Mortar is the element that bonds bricks or other masonry units together and provides structural capacity to the wall or other structure. There are four main types of mortar mix: N, O, S, and M. Each type is mixed with a different ratio of cement, lime, and sand to produce specific performance characteristics such as flexibility, bonding properties, and compressive strength.

What is civil motor?

Home What is Concrete

Mortar is a material used in masonry construction to fill the gaps between the bricks and blocks. Mortar is a mixture of sand, a binder such as cement or lime, and water and is applied as a paste which then sets hard.

What is full brick masonry?

Detailed, easy to understand reports – Full Brickwork is the simplest type of brick wall and is constructed in solid brickwork, normally at least one brick thick. Bricks are laid in rows known as courses, the arrangement of each course giving rise to different patterns. This is in contrast to cavity brick walls where two layers (or leaves) of brickwork are tied together with metal ties, with a cavity that may be filled with insulation.

ABIS building and pest inspections are conducted to the highest standard by building inspectors with a minimum of 10 years experience together with the highest professional qualifications in their field. ABIS has been in business over 27 years conducting both building and timber pest inspections. Our highly recommended home inspectors are all long term trusted employees not here today gone tomorrow sub-contractors.

ABIS Inspectors are supported by a unique computer aided inspection system and the latest inspection equipment such as high sensitivity thermal cameras costing thousands of dollars that others don’t often have. When you book a with ABIS, our friendly local (they know the area and are not in a interstate or overseas call centre) staff will make the whole process easy for you.

Our Office team make all the arrangements with you, your agent, the vendor, the tenant (if there is one) and you will be sent an email to confirm the inspection time along with a pre-engagement letter which covers the scope of the inspection. Good communication and local knowledge are key to you getting the most out of your building and pest inspection.

We are always happy to answer all your questions and you are most welcome to be on site when we do the inspection. Our technology, systems and processes also mean you get your high quality report shortly after your inspection is completed. And all this for an incredible low price.

What is the best brick mortar?

Type S – When you need something stronger than type N consider type S. Type S mortars have a minimum of 1800 psi but typical mixes usually give you between 2300 and 3000 psi. The higher bond and compressive strength numbers make type S able to withstand soil pressures, wind, and seismic loads.

• It’s also great for thin brick or stone veneer work because of it’s higher bonding strength and stickiness.
• Recipe: Type S contains 2 parts Portland cement, 1 part lime and 9 parts sand.
• Here are some projects that typically use type S:

• Exterior thin brick or stone veneer
• below grade masonry work
• Sewers
• Manholes
• Retaining walls

Which mortar is the best?

Best Overall: Chef Sofi Granite Mortar & Pestle. Best Budget: Health Smart by Maxam Granite Mortar & Pestle. Best for Small Batches: Gorilla Grip Original Granite Mortar & Pestle. Best for Large Batches: Williams Sonoma Marble Mortar & Pestle.

Where is AC motor used?

AC motors are viable power sources for a range of applications due to their flexibility, efficiency and quiet operation. General uses for AC motors include pumps, water heaters, lawn and garden equipment, ovens, and off-road motorized equipment. In fact, many of the appliances, equipment and tools you use on a daily basis are powered by an AC motor.

Where is DC motor used?

Workings of a brushed electric motor with a two-pole rotor (armature) and permanent magnet stator. “N” and “S” designate polarities on the inside axis faces of the magnets ; the outside faces have opposite polarities. The + and – signs show where the DC current is applied to the commutator which supplies current to the armature coils The Pennsylvania Railroad’s class DD1 locomotive running gear was a semi-permanently coupled pairing of third rail direct current electric locomotive motors built for the railroad’s initial New York-area electrification when steam locomotives were banned in the city (locomotive cab removed here).

1. A DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical motors that converts direct current (DC) electrical energy into mechanical energy.
2. The most common types rely on the forces produced by induced magnetic fields due to flowing current in the coil.
3. Nearly all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either electromechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction of current in part of the motor.

DC motors were the first form of motors widely used, as they could be powered from existing direct-current lighting power distribution systems. A DC motor’s speed can be controlled over a wide range, using either a variable supply voltage or by changing the strength of current in its field windings.

Small DC motors are used in tools, toys, and appliances. The universal motor, a lightweight brushed motor used for portable power tools and appliances can operate on direct current and alternating current. Larger DC motors are currently used in propulsion of electric vehicles, elevator and hoists, and in drives for steel rolling mills.

The advent of power electronics has made replacement of DC motors with AC motors possible in many applications.

Where is DC series motor used?

Various DC Motor Applications – In general, DC motors are used as variable speed drives and for the applications in which sever, torque variations occur. Now that you’re familiar with different DC motor types let’s get through their usages and applications.

1. Series DC motors are generally used where high starting torque is required, and speed variations are possible.
2. These types of direct connection motors are, for instance, used in the traction system, cranes, air compressors, vacuum cleaners, sewing machines, etc.
3. Shunt DC motors are used for applications where you need constant speed, and the starting conditions are not severe.

The shunt direct connection motors applications are in lathe machines, centrifugal pumps, fans, blowers, conveyors, lifts, waving machines, spinning machines, etc. Compound wound motors are usually used where you need higher starting torque and relatively constant speed.

What machine is used for concrete blocks?

Automatic hydraulic block and paver machine, automatic concrete block machine, semi-automatic hydraulic concrete block making machine, and egg-laying concrete block making machine are few examples of block making machines. These machines produce hollow and solid blocks, fly ash bricks, pavers, and kerbstones.

How is engineering brick made?

What Are Engineering Bricks? – Engineering bricks are specialist construction bricks designed around high strength, water resistance, and acid resistance. They are used for a variety of non-visual uses within construction projects, especially ones involving water such as groundworks and sewers.

Which motor is used in cement mills?

Electric motors for cement plants – fast and individual – A costly industrial plant such as a cement mill must produce flawlessly at all times. In the event of a plant shutdown, with MENZEL you can count on a manufacturer who can provide you with electric motors at short notice from stock – worldwide.

MENZEL keeps one of the largest stocks of major motors for the cement industry across Europe. We can provide you with large brand new medium and high voltage motors with squirrel cage or slip ring rotor up to 15000 kW directly from stock. We keep motors of our own MENZEL series, but also of other brands in stock and can provide them within a very few days.

Special constructions and individual adjustments of our electric motors are possible at any time. You have an emergency and plant shut down? The best way to make your inquiry is to use, specifying how fast you need the electric motor you’re looking for.

Which motor is used in electric wall clock?

clock – Electric clocks Electric currents can be used to replace the weight or spring as a source of power and as a means of signaling time indications from a central master clock to a wide range of distant indicating dials. Invented in 1840, the first electric clock was driven by a spring and and employed an electrical impulse to operate a number of dials.

• Considerable experimental work followed, and it was not until 1906 that the first self-contained battery-driven clock was invented.
• In a master clock system, electricity is used to give direct impulses to the pendulum, which in turn causes the clock’s train to move, or to lift a after it has an impulse to the pendulum.

In various modern master clocks the pendulum operates a light count that turns through the pitch of one tooth every double swing and is arranged to release a lever every half minute. This lever gives an impulse to the pendulum and is then restored to its original position by an,

• The pulse of current that operates the electromagnet can also be transmitted to a series of distant dials, or slave clocks, advancing the hands of each through the of a half minute.
• Thus, a master clock can control scores of dials in a large group of buildings, as well as such other as time recorders and sirens.

Electric master clocks of this type are good timekeepers, since the impulse can be given symmetrically as the pendulum passes through its middle position and the interference with its motion is small. With the application of the to clocks in 1918, domestic electric clocks became popular.

• A synchronous electric motor runs in step with the of the source, which in most countries alternates at 60 (cycles per second).
• The electric motor is coupled to a reduction gearing that drives the clock hands at the correct rate.
• The electric clock has no timekeeping properties in itself and is wholly dependent upon the frequency stability of the supplied.

If this frequency changes, the electric clock will not keep correct time. The most accurate mechanical timekeeper is the Shortt pendulum clock; it makes use of the movement described above for electric master clock systems. The Shortt pendulum clock consists of two separate clocks, one of which synchronizes the other.

• The timekeeping element is a pendulum that swings freely, except that once every half minute it receives an impulse from a gently falling lever.
• This lever is released by an electrical signal transmitted from its slave clock.
• After the impulse has been sent, a signal is transmitted back to the slave clock that ensures that the impulse to the free pendulum will be released exactly a half minute later than the previous impulse.

The pendulum swings in a sealed box in which the air is kept at a constant,, Shortt clocks in observatories are kept in a room, usually a basement, where the temperature remains nearly constant, and under these conditions they can maintain the correct time to within a few thousandths of a second per,

In 1929 the crystal was first applied to timekeeping; this was probably the single greatest contribution to precision time, Quartz crystals oscillating at frequencies of 100,000 hertz can be compared and frequency differences determined to an accuracy of one part in 10 10, The timekeeping element of a consists of a ring of quartz about 2.5 inches (63.5 mm) in, suspended by threads and enclosed in a heat-insulated chamber.

Electrodes are attached to the surfaces of the ring and connected to an electrical circuit in such a manner as to sustain oscillations. Since the frequency of vibration, 100,000-hertz, is too high for convenient time measurement, it is reduced by a process known as frequency division or demultiplication and applied to a connected to a clock dial through mechanical gearing.

• If a 100,000 hertz frequency, for example, is subjected to a combined electrical and mechanical gearing reduction of 6,000,000 to 1, then the second of the synchronous clock will make exactly one rotation in 60 seconds.
• The vibrations are so regular that the maximum error of an observatory quartz-crystal clock is only a few ten-thousandths of a second per day, equivalent to an error of one second every 10 years.

: clock – Electric clocks

Which motor is used in drill machine?

Electric motor In a drilling machine, single-phase ac motor is used, it can run at a rpm of 600 to 5000.

Which motor is used in cement industry?

Motor Enclosure TEFC: Totally enclosed fan cooled is the most common enclosure for the cement industry.3’A totally enclosed machine is one so enclosed as to prevent the free exchange of air between the inside and the outside of the case but not sufficiently enclosed to be termed air-tight’.