Which One Of The Following Cement Is A Deliquescent?

Calcium Chloride cement ∴ Calcium Chloride cement is a deliquescent cement.

What is an example of deliquescent substance?

Calcium chloride ( CaCl 2 ) and caustic soda ( NaOH ) are two examples of deliquescent substance.

Which are deliquescent salts?

Deliquescent salts are those that absorb moisture from the air and then dissolve themselves in the water absorbed to form a solution. Explanation of the correct option: Calcium Chloride (CaCl 2 ) is one example of deliquescent salt.

Is cacl2 deliquescent?

Calcium chloride is a deliquescent salt that can be found in the cold-end of boilers. In this study, the hygroscopic properties and corrosiveness of CaCl 2 in flue gas conditions were studied. The formation of hydrates and the deliquescent properties of CaCl 2 were studied with various techniques.

What is Deliquescence in chemistry class 10?

Deliquescence, the process by which a substance absorbs moisture from the atmosphere until it dissolves in the absorbed water and forms a solution. Deliquescence occurs when the vapour pressure of the solution that is formed is less than the partial pressure of water vapour in the air.

Is caco3 deliquescent?

Abstract – Calcium carbonate is a ubiquitous mineral and its reactivity with indoor and outdoor air pollutants will contribute to the deterioration of these materials through the formation of salts that deliquesce at low relative humidity (RH). As shown here for calcium nitrate thin films, deliquescence occurs at even lower relative humidity than expected from bulk thermodynamics and lower than the recommended humidity for the preservation of artifacts and antiques.

What is meant by Deliquescence give example?

Deliquescence, the process by which a substance absorbs moisture from the atmosphere until it dissolves in the absorbed water and forms a solution. Example are solid NaOH, CaCl2, CaCl2.

What are the deliquescent powder?

But certain powders absorb moisture to such a great extent that they go into solution and are called deliquescent powders. Example of such substances include ammonium chloride,iron and ammonium citrate,pepsin,phenobarbitone,sodium bromide,sodium iodide,potassium citrate,zinc chloride etc.

Is sodium carbonate a deliquescent?

(II) Crystals of sodium hydroxide are deliquescent.

Which is not a deliquescent substance *?

Which of the following is not an example of deliquescent substance?A. Calcium chlorideB. Blue vitriolC. Sodium hydroxideD. Iron (III) chloride Answer Verified Hint- Deliquescence refers to the property of a substance to absorb water from the air to dissolve itself and form an aqueous solution. Materials with this property are termed deliquescent.

Complete answer: Therefore, option (B) is the correct answer.

Definition:Deliquescence is the process by which a substance absorbs moisture from the surrounding until it dissolves in the water and forms a solution. It will occur when the vapour pressure of the solution which is formed is less than the partial pressure of water vapour (moisture) in the air.

  1. All salts, which are soluble in water will deliquesce if the air is sufficiently humid.Examples of Deliquescent Substances:Most deliquescent substances are salts.
  2. Examples include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium chloride, gold (III) chloride, sodium nitrate, and calcium chloride.
  3. While sodium chloride (NaCl) may be deliquescent if the particles are small and the humidity is very high, salt is usually considered to be hygroscopic.Thus, these are the major Deliquescent salts which include calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, ferric chloride, carnallite, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate, ferric ammonium citrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide.

Deliquescent salts consist of ferric chloride, potassium carbonate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium phosphate, ferric ammonium citrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide.So, we say Blue vitriol is not an example of deliquescent substance.

sodium hydroxide, Calcium chloride and iron (III) chloride are some examples of deliquescent substances.Note- Deliquescent materials having mostly salts that have a strong affinity for moisture and will absorb relatively very large amounts of moisture from the atmosphere. And Due to their high affinity for water, deliquescent substances find use as desiccants.

They may be used to remove excess water from sulfuric and phosphoric acids. : Which of the following is not an example of deliquescent substance?A. Calcium chlorideB. Blue vitriolC. Sodium hydroxideD. Iron (III) chloride

Is NaCl a deliquescence?

Indeed, deliquescence of NaCl has been theoretically shown to occur on time scales of microseconds to milliseconds. (55) The differences observed are likely due to the range of accuracy in measuring RH, which is ±1% between 0 and 90% RH and ±2% RH between 90 and 100% RH, and in measuring GF m values (±0.02).

Is KCl deliquescent?

Effect of Organic Species on the Hygroscopic Properties of Inorganic Salt – The GFs including both measurements and ZSR predictions of mixed particles at 90% RH were used to calculate the ξ ′ w value. As can be seen from Table 2, interactions between oxalic acid and potassium chloride have a great effect on the equal mass mixture due to the dissolution of oxalic acid in aqueous phase, as indicated by a ξ ′ w value of 1.86.

Similarly, the ξ ′ w value of 1.62 for equal mass KCl/OA/Lev mixed particles also implies the water uptake contributed by oxalic acid at high RH. As for the mixtures containing KCl with humic acid or levoglucosan, the ξ ′ w values do not deviate much from 1 regardless of different composition ratio, indicating there are no obvious enhancing or reducing effects on hygroscopic growth of mixed particles.

Although the 3:1 KCl/levoglucosan mixed particles have a ξ′ w value of 1.32 slightly larger than 1, this value still does not deviate much from 1. As shown in Fig.3a, the general agreement between measured hygroscopic growth and ZSR predicted curve for 3:1 KCl/Lev mixed particles at high RH above 80% suggests no obvious effects of interaction between mixed species on the water uptake.

  • Chan and Chan 31 found that interactions between fulvic acid and ammonium sulfate could enhance the water uptake at 90% RH while this enhancement effect was not observed for fulvic acid/sodium chloride mixture at the same RH.
  • Table 2 Growth factor (GF) and ξ w ‘ for potassium chloride (KCl) aerosols internally mixed with organic compounds at 90% RH.

Although the potassium chloride has a high deliquescence point at 84% RH, the water soluble organic compounds such as oxalic acid, levoglucosan and humic acid in the mixture can reduce the deliquescence point of KCl and promote water uptake even at low RH.

The water uptake behaviors of KCl-organic mixed particles are similar to those observed for ambient biomass smoke aerosols. Boreddy et al, observed that hygroscopic growth of water-soluble matter extracted from biomass burning aerosols in east Africa was well correlated with mass fractions of K +, Cl +, and organic carbon such as levoglucosan and diacids within particles 51,

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They attributed lower growth factors obtained over the sampling site to the formation of less water-soluble potassium oxalate (K 2 C 2 O 4 ) during atmospheric aging, which was supported by our observations for KCl aerosols with dominant oxalic acid content.

Semeniuk et al, reported the mixed organic–inorganic particles from young smoke of flaming and smoldering fires in southern Africa took up water dramatically between 55 and 100% RH, depending on the chemical composition of water-soluble species 52, More water content in aerosol particles under low and medium humidity conditions may contribute to the aging of potassium chloride, leading to formation of nitrate and sulfate through the heterogeneous reaction with SO 2, NO x   15,

The particulates from biomass burning emissions directly contribute to haze pollution. Additionally, particulate matter can take up water under ambient RH conditions providing aqueous medium for heterogeneous reactions, which further aggravate the haze pollution.

Which is deliquescent a MgCl2 B Naoh C cacl2 D A?

Deliquescent salts include calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate.

Why caustic soda is deliquescent?

Solution : NaOH is a deliquescent solid because it absorbs moisture from the air and dissolves in that moisture.

Is zinc chloride a deliquescent?

Zinc chloride

Names
IUPAC name Zinc chloride
Other names Zinc(II) chloride Neutral zinc chloride (1:2) Butter of zinc Zinc bichloride (archaic)
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 7646-85-7 Anhydrous
  • 29426-92-4 Tetrahydrate
3D model ( JSmol )

Interactive image

ChEBI

CHEBI:49976

ChEMBL

ChEMBL1200679

ChemSpider

5525

DrugBank

DB14533

ECHA InfoCard 100.028.720
EC Number

231-592-0

PubChem CID

3007855

RTECS number

ZH1400000

UNII

86Q357L16B

UN number 2331
CompTox Dashboard ( EPA )

DTXSID2035013

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show SMILES
Properties
Chemical formula ZnCl 2
Molar mass 136.315 g/mol
Appearance white crystalline solid hygroscopic and very deliquescent
Odor odorless
Density 2.907 g/cm 3
Melting point 290 °C (554 °F; 563 K)
Boiling point 732 °C (1,350 °F; 1,005 K)
Solubility in water 432.0 g/ 100 g (25 °C)
Solubility soluble in ethanol, glycerol and acetone
Solubility in ethanol 430.0 g/100ml
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) −65.0·10 −6 cm 3 /mol
Structure
Coordination geometry Tetrahedral, linear in the gas phase
Pharmacology
ATC code B05XA12 ( WHO )
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards Moderately toxic, irritant
GHS labelling :
Pictograms
Signal word Danger
Hazard statements H302, H314, H410
Precautionary statements P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P305+P351+P338, P308+P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) 3 0 0
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD 50 ( median dose ) 350 mg/kg (rat, oral) 350 mg/kg (mouse, oral) 200 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral) 1100 mg/kg (rat, oral) 1250 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
LC 50 ( median concentration ) 1260 mg/m 3 (rat, 30 min) 1180 mg-min/m 3
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible) TWA 1 mg/m 3 (fume)
REL (Recommended) TWA 1 mg/m 3 ST 2 mg/m 3 (fume)
IDLH (Immediate danger) 50 mg/m 3 (fume)
Safety data sheet (SDS) External MSDS
Related compounds
Other anions Zinc fluoride Zinc bromide Zinc iodide
Other cations Cadmium chloride Mercury(II) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa). verify ( what is ?) Infobox references

Zinc chloride is the name of inorganic chemical compounds with the formula ZnCl 2 and its hydrates, Zinc chlorides, of which nine crystalline forms are known, are colorless or white, and are highly soluble in water, This salt is hygroscopic and even deliquescent,

Is quicklime a deliquescent?

Quicklime (calcium oxide) (CaO) is a hygroscopic substance. Others are deliquescent substances.

Is k2co3 deliquescent?

Potassium carbonate

Names
IUPAC name Potassium carbonate
Other names Carbonate of potash, dipotassium carbonate, sub-carbonate of potash, pearl ash, potash, salt of tartar, salt of wormwood.
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 584-08-7
  • 6381-79-9 sesquihydrate
3D model ( JSmol )

Interactive image

ChEBI

CHEBI:131526

ChemSpider

10949

ECHA InfoCard 100.008.665
E number E501(i) (acidity regulators,,)
PubChem CID

11430

RTECS number

TS7750000

UNII
  • BQN1B9B9HA
  • L9300DKS8U (sesquihydrate)
CompTox Dashboard ( EPA )

DTXSID2036245

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Properties
Chemical formula K 2 CO 3
Molar mass 138.205 g/mol
Appearance White, hygroscopic solid
Density 2.43 g/cm 3
Melting point 891 °C (1,636 °F; 1,164 K)
Boiling point Decomposes
Solubility in water 110.3 g/100 mL (20 °C) 149.2 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility
  • 3.11 g/100 mL (25 °C) methanol
  • Insoluble in alcohol, acetone
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) −59.0·10 −6 cm 3 /mol
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity ( C ) 114.4 J·mol −1 ·K −1
Std molar entropy ( S ⦵ 298 ) 155.5 J·mol −1 ·K −1
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ f H ⦵ 298 ) −1151.0 kJ·mol −1
Gibbs free energy (Δ f G ⦵ ) −1063.5 kJ·mol −1
Enthalpy of fusion (Δ f H ⦵ fus ) 27.6 kJ·mol −1
Hazards
GHS labelling :
Pictograms
Signal word Warning
Hazard statements H302, H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements P261, P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) 1 0 0
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD 50 ( median dose ) 1870 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 1588
Related compounds
Other anions Potassium bicarbonate
Other cations Lithium carbonate Sodium carbonate Rubidium carbonate Caesium carbonate
Related compounds Ammonium carbonate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa). verify ( what is ?) Infobox references

Potassium carbonate is the inorganic compound with the formula K 2 CO 3, It is a white salt, which is soluble in water, It is deliquescent, often appearing as a damp or wet solid, Potassium carbonate is mainly used in the production of soap and glass,

Is gypsum a deliquescent?

Which of the following is a highly deliquescent solid?(A) $FeC $ (B) $FeS $(C) $CuS $(D) All of these Answer Verified Hint: As in this question firstly we should clear with the terms Deliquescent solid. So, Deliquescence is the process by which a substance absorbs moisture from the atmosphere unit it dissolves in the absorbed water and then forms a solution.

Complete step by step answer: So, the correct answer is Option A. Additional information:

As we explained above the definition of deliquescent solids. Furthermore, deliquescent occurs when the vapour pressure of the solution that is formed is less than the partial pressure off the water vapour in the air. Moreover, the solid substance which is obtained by the process of deliquescence is known as deliquescent solid.So, the example of deliquescent solid is $FeC $.So Anhydrous iron(III) chloride is deliquescent forming hydrated hydrogen chloride mists in moist air.

Anhydrous iron(III) chloride Is a fairly strong Lewis acid, and it is used for the catalyst in organic synthesis.In $CuS $, few ionic compounds will take so much water from the atmosphere that they may eventually dissolve in their water of hydration, so these substances are also called deliquescent.Certain liquid substances absorb water from the air to get diluted, these are also regarded as being hygroscopic.

And if a high hygroscopic substance absorbs so much moisture than an equal solution Is formed, so the substance becomes deliquescent. Moreover, Gypsum Is neither hygroscopic salt or deliquescent salt. Gypsum is also not a deliquescent salt as it does not form its solution by absorbing water from the surroundings.

  • Gypsum is somewhat soluble in water.
  • So when it is applied to the soil, it’s solubility depends on several factors, including particle size, soil moisture.
  • Note: Most of the deliquescent substances are salts.
  • While (\) Sodium Chloride Maybe deliquescent if the particles smell and the humidity is very high.

So, mostly salt is usually considered to be hygroscopic. Just because of their affinity for water, deliquescent substance use as desiccants. : Which of the following is a highly deliquescent solid?(A) $FeC $ (B) $FeS $(C) $CuS $(D) All of these

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Is Koh deliquescent?

Scientific definitions for potassium hydroxide – A white, corrosive, solid compound used in bleaches and to make soaps and detergents. It is deliquescent, soluble in water and very soluble in alcohol. In solution, it forms lye. Chemical formula: KOH. The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2011. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Is Aluminium hydroxide a deliquescent?

Synthesis – Aluminium nitrate can be easily prepared by the reaction of aluminum hydroxide with nitric acid. The synthesis from aluminium metal has many problems since aluminium is not attacked by nitric acid because of its protective oxide layer. The process involves an initial basic attack with KOH, followed by partial neutralization with nitric acid to precipitate the hydroxide.

What is a deliquescent solution?

Abstract – Deliquescence is a first order phase transition from solid to solution that occurs at a relative humidity (RH) that is characteristic to the crystalline compound. Such dissolution of active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients can lead to detrimental physical and chemical instabilities.

Furthermore, in systems containing more than one deliquescent component, the RH of the solid-solution transition will be lowered, leading to some level of dissolution at unexpectedly low RH conditions. Deliquescence lowering is independent of the ratio of the deliquescent components and therefore is of concern for any formulation containing two or more deliquescent compounds.

Because chemical reactions occur much more readily in solution, deliquescence will enhance the degradation of labile APIs. RH fluctuations will lead to cycles of deliquescence and efflorescence (crystallization), which will contribute to particle agglomeration and caking.

Is HCl a deliquescent substance?

HCl. lf a hydroscopic substance absorbs so much moisture that an aqueous solution is formed, the substance becomes deliquescent.

Is nacl deliquescent substance?

Though sodium chloride is not deliquescent,table salt shows deliquescent nature.

Is sugar a deliquescent substance?

Deliquescence of crystalline materials: mechanism and implications for foods , August 2022, 100865 Deliquescence is defined as a first-order solid-to-solution phase transformation of a crystalline solid that occurs at a relative humidity (RH) characteristic of the solid, the RH above a saturated solution of the solid at a given temperature and pressure. This characteristic deliquescence point RH is referred to as RH 0 for this article, but has also been called the critical relative humidity or deliquescence relative humidity. It is important to note that the equilibrium RH and water activity ( a w ) are related as follows: a w = %RH/100. Numerous food ingredients are deliquescent crystalline compounds, including sugars, sugar alcohols, organic and inorganic salts, and organic acids and bases, as well as some vitamins and preservatives, Only crystalline solids with an appreciable aqueous solubility are deliquescent. The RH at which deliquescence occurs varies dramatically from compound to compound and even for chemically related compounds (Table 1), and this RH is also affected by temperature and coformulation. For example, at 25°C, sucrose deliquesces at a relatively high RH of 85% RH, whereas fructose has a RH 0 of ~62%RH; sodium chloride deliquesces at 75% RH, while lithium chloride has a RH 0 of 11% RH; and ascorbic acid has a RH 0 of 98% RH, while the RH 0 of sodium ascorbate is ~86% RH 1, 2, 3, 4. The RH 0 s of common deliquescent food ingredients have been documented elsewhere (e.g.), Increases in environmental temperature decrease the RH 0 s of ingredients that are increasingly water-soluble at higher temperatures following the Clausius–Clapeyron relation 2, 5, 6. Increasing the temperature to 40°C decreases the RH 0 s of sucrose and fructose to 83% RH and 56% RH, respectively, Blending different deliquescent crystalline ingredients, such that the crystals are in physical contact with each other, leads to a phenomenon called deliquescence lowering or mutual deliquescence wherein the deliquescence RH of the blend (called RH 0mix ) is lower than the RH 0 s of the individual ingredients, The use of deliquescent ingredients in numerous foods and dry mixes, and the fact that the environmental RH and temperature in areas where foods are processed and stored can exceed the deliquescence points (RH 0 or RH 0mix ) of these products, provide reason for understanding both the mechanism and the consequences of deliquescence. While much of the mechanistic understanding of deliquescence was developed over the course of decades, and will be briefly addressed in this review for context, recent advances are improving the understanding of the implications of deliquescence for the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of foods. According to the first law of thermodynamics, differences in free energy, such as between the water-vapor pressure of a solid ( a w ) and the vapor pressure of an environment (RH e ), create the driving force for moisture migration, until the chemical potentials of the solid and environment reach equilibrium. When the a w of a solid is less than the RH of the surrounding environment, there is a driving force for water molecules to move to the solid, until a w = RH e, In terms of the thermodynamic Dissolution resulting from deliquescence and the associated liquid water with a w < 1 have wide-ranging implications for the physical, chemical, and potentially microbiological properties of systems containing one or more deliquescent crystalline compounds. Deliquescence captures water vapor from the atmosphere, which can in extreme conditions be used for fresh-water production, However, the condensed water can be detrimental not only for the stability of the compound that has undergone The stability of deliquescent crystalline ingredients affects numerous products. A first-order phase transition is quite drastic, and such solid-to-solution transformations of some of the most common ingredients used in foods (salts, sugars, organic acids, some vitamins, etc.) warrant attention. Advances in understanding the prediction and control of deliquescence in food ingredients and blends enable rational design of product formulations, production environments, and/or packaging systems to Nothing declared. Foundational work was supported by USDA-NRICGP Grant #07-35503-18405 and Hatch Act funding.

T. Orevi et al. M. Grinberg et al. P. Chakravarty et al. T. Watanabe et al. B.B. Hansen et al. A.M. Stoklosa et al. R. Peeters et al. A.G. Tereshchenko M. Allan et al. A.K. Salameh et al.

R. Yamamoto et al. K. Kwok et al. A.V. Kirginstev et al. L. Van Campen et al. J.T. Kelly et al. I.N. Tang et al. L.J. Mauer et al. R.A. Lipasek et al. A.N. Hiatt et al.

A vegetable blend slurry consisting of aloe vera ( Aloe barbadensis miller ), garlic ( Allium sativum ), ginger ( Zingiber officinale ), liquorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra ) and pumpkin seeds ( Cucurbita pepo L.) was used as a probiotic medium to evaluate the impact of probiotic fermentation on its chemical composition and flavour compound changes. Two commercial probiotic bacteria, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 and Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14, were used for monoculture and coculture fermentation over 72 h. After fermentation, sugars, organic acids and amino acids changed differently due to differences in metabolic pathways. In addition, there was a significant decrease in organosulfur compounds (from 10.56 ± 0.98 mg/L to 6.14 ± 0.83 mg/L, 7.80 ± 1.09 mg/L and 6.02 ± 0.61 mg/L for B. lactis HN019 monoculture, L. acidophilus La-14 monoculture, and coculture fermentation, respectively) and total phenolic contents (TPC, from 24.61 ± 1.23 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry extract (DE) to 16.29 ± 1.22 and 15.66 ± 1.03 mg GAE/g DE for L. acidophilus La-14 monoculture and coculture fermentation, respectively). Interestingly, no significant changes in oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), total dietary fibre content and fat content after fermentation. Coculture fermentation did not show any significant synergistic or antagonistic effect. Our results suggest that the vegetable blend and the bacterial strains used have potential to create a novel probiotic product. Recently, increasing studies have revealed epigenetic variations in crop development and quality formation providing new epigenetic sources for crop improvement. Ongoing advances in epigenomic technologies based on high-throughput sequencing provide new insights into epigenetic variations in important crop traits at a larger scale and higher resolution. The emerging epigenome editing tools enable us to manipulate the epigenetic modifications in specific loci and induce novel phenotypes as human demand increases. This review summarizes current epigenomic technologies corresponding to different epigenetic mechanisms and their applications in uncovering epigenomic variation in crop quality. Finally, we discuss the application of epigenome editing tools in crop improvement to meet food requirements and security by manipulating epigenetic changes in a site-specific manner. In recent years, nanotechnology has allowed to formulate different ophthalmic vehicles to extend residence time in the eye after topical application, decreasing the number of instillations and improving patient’s compliance. The goal of this study was to develop an oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions (NEs), composed of almond oil as the inner oil phase and Hepes or Palitzsch buffer as the outer aqueous phase, stabilized by non-ionic surfactants (Tween 20 or Tween 80). By modifying the oil/surfactant/water ratio, the best nanoemulsion formulations in terms of chemical-physical characteristics for ocular application were selected. In particular, hydrodynamic diameter, size distribution, ζ-potential, microviscosity and polarity of the internal oil phase, along with pH, osmolarity, turbidity, stability in simulated eye tears and rheological properties were evaluated. Furthermore, mucoadhesive properties of selected samples have been measured by turbidimetric assay and mucin particle method to establish their potential interaction with mucin in simulated tear fluid. Finally, cytotoxicity studies using the Alamar Blue reduction assay in Y-79 (Human retinoblastoma cell line) cells have been performed, anticipating their compatibility and suitability for ocular administration. Extracts of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) have many biological activities, but contain a small amount of toxic ginkgolic acids, limiting the use of EGb. Based on the structural characteristics of ortho -hydroxy-carboxyl group on ginkgolic acids, we introduced hydrophilic polyhydroxy structure into hydrophobic polydivinylbenzene (PDVB) frameworks by reinitiation of suspended double bonds. A kind of adsorbent (DVA adsorbent) with hydrophobic – hydrophilic framework, uniform functional group distribution, high specific surface area and high crosslinking structure was synthesized. DVA adsorbent can selectively remove ginkgolic acids based on synergistic effect of multiple weak interactions with ginkgolic acids. DVA-20, which had the highest adsorption capacity and the best adsorption selectivity. After 30 bed volume (BV) adsorption solution was treated with DVA-20, the concentration of ginkgolic acids in the effluent decreased from 1781 ppm to 1.5 ppm, and the recovery of ginkgo flavonoids and lactones was nearly 100%. Moreover, DVA-20 has good repeatability. The EGb production process based on DVA-20 was established. The new process is continuous and can obtain both ginkgolic acids and EGb while meeting international standards, and has a very broad application prospect. Color can reflect the food quality and influence people’s sensory evaluation of food. Regulation mechanisms of the natural color of fruits, vegetables, and meat products and the use of synthetic colors to improve food acceptability are effective ways to provide a consistent appearance in foods. In recent years, consumers have become more favorable for natural colors due to the increased demand for healthy foods. However, natural coloring has not been able to completely replace artificial coloring due to their poor stability and high production costs. Omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, could interpret the biosynthesis, accumulation, degradation, and metabolic mechanisms of food natural colors from different perspectives. Moreover, recent advances in these technologies make it possible to protect food color and increase the production of natural colors that can be used for food additives, providing more benefits for the food industry. Carbohydrate (glycan) is one of the basic nutritional and structural components of foods, and of great significance to food production, quality, and safety. In recent years, glycomics showed increasing potential in food science. There is a necessity for reviewing and refining the concept and research system of food glycomics and glycome to promote their development in food science. In this article, research studies from 2019 to 2021 involving glycomic and food sources have been reviewed to yield a concise but critical overview of current state of the art, future challenges, and trends of food glycomics in food science. This review would provide new insights into food glycomics.

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: Deliquescence of crystalline materials: mechanism and implications for foods

Is honey a deliquescent?

Frequently Asked Questions – Q.1. What is deliquescence and efflorescence?Ans: The process by which a solid substance turns into liquid as a result of absorption of moisture from the atmosphere is known as deliquescence. The opposite of deliquescence is efflorescence.

The process by which spontaneous loss of water takes place by a hydrated salt is known as efflorescence.Q.2. What are deliquescent materials?Ans: Deliquescence refers to the property of a substance by virtue of which the substance absorbs moisture from the surrounding and dissolves in it to form an aqueous solution.

Materials that exhibit this property are known as deliquescent substances. Deliquescent materials belong to the class of hygroscopic substances. All hygroscopic materials may absorb water, but for a substance to be deliquescent, it must absorb a large amount of water to be sufficiently soluble in it.Q.3.

Deliquescence Hygroscopy
The process by which a solid substance turns into liquid as a result of absorption of moisture from the atmosphere is known as deliquescence. The process by which a solid substance turns caky as a result of absorption of moisture from the atmosphere is known as hygroscopy.
These substances can absorb a high amount of water vapour to form an aqueous solution. These substances absorb a water vapour but do not form an aqueous solution.
Deliquescent materials are known as desiccants Hygroscopic materials, due to their ability to attract and hold moisture, are referred to as humectants.

Q.4. Why does deliquescence occur?Ans: The absorbed water causes a decrease in the melting point of the solid. If enough water is absorbed to lower the melting point of the solid below its room temperature, it will deliquesce or turn to liquid. This process occurs when the vapour pressure of the resulting solution is less than the partial pressure of water vapour in the air.

If the air is sufficiently humid, all soluble salts will deliquesce Q.5. Why is efflorescence a problem?Ans: Efflorescence isn’t dangerous; it is mostly an esthetic issue. It can lead to potential moisture problems that can cause structural damage to building materials. We hope this detailed article on Deliquescence helped you in your studies.

If you have any doubts, queries or suggestions regarding this article, feel free to ask us in the comment section and we will be more than happy to assist you. : Deliquescence: Meaning, Examples and Differences