Which Cement Contains Maximum Percentage Of Dicalcium Silicate?

Which Cement Contains Maximum Percentage Of Dicalcium Silicate
Rapid Hardening cement has a maximum percentage of C 3 S. Rapid Hardening Cement is also called high early strength cement. The increased rate of strength is due to the fact that a higher proportion of tri-calcium silicate (C 3 S) is contained in Rapid Hardening Cement along with finer grinding of the cement clinker.

Which has highest percentage in Portland cement?

(A)- CaO: 40-50%, SiO2: 30-40%, Al2O3and Fe2O3 : 10-20%

Which component is maximum in cement?

Among the following components of cement, which is present in the highest amount?A.$C Si $ B.$C Si $ C.$A $ D.$C A $ Answer Verified Hint: Cement is a universal binder. It is used to set sand, bricks and other materials together and bind them together by setting them and hardening them to bind them together.

Complete answer: Thus, the correct answer of the above question is option (B) $C Si $. Note:

Cement is a very important chemical compound which is used in our day to day life to bind together materials. It sets different materials together by forming a hardened layer between the materials. It is not a naturally occurring compound; instead it is made up of 8 main ingredients mixed together and processed to produce cement.

The different ingredients used are extracted from various naturally occurring materials like clay, sand, limestone, chalk and iron ore.When cement is added to bind materials then water is mixed with cement for making cement easier to apply and pour and also helps to harden the mixture better but water and cement don’t hold well together and thus, sand is added to cement for better binding between materials.

The mixture of cement, water and sand is known as mortar and has better binding capacity. When gravel is added to this mixture of water, cement and sand then it becomes concrete.We must know that concrete has better binding and holding capacity than cement.

Concrete is very durable and lasts for a very long time as compared to the durability of cement.There are many types of cement that are used and the most common is the Portland cement which is used. Among the 8 main ingredients that are processed together to make cement the component which is present in the highest amount is among the given options is $C Si $.There are various types of cement which differ on the basis of the composition of various ingredients present.

The other main components include tricalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate and dicalcium silicate. : Among the following components of cement, which is present in the highest amount?A.$C Si $ B.$C Si $ C.$A $ D.$C A $

Why dicalcium silicate is used in cement?

Dicalcium silicate hydrates much more slowly than tricalcium silicate and is responsible for the latter’s strength.

What is the role of dicalcium silicate in cement?

Free ST 14: General Knowledge & General Science 20 Questions 20 Marks 15 Mins Concept There are four compounds (Called Bogue’s Compounds) formed as a result of hydration of cement: Alite : C 3 S, or Tricalcium Silicate Belite : C 2 S, or Dicalcium Silicate Aluminate phase : C 3 A, or Tricalcium Aluminate Ferrite phase : C 4 AF, or Tetracalcium Aluminoferrite Bogue Compounds Dicalcium Silicate (C 2 S) : This compound will undergo a reaction slowly.

  • It is responsible for the progressive strength of concrete,
  • This is also called Belite.
  • A higher percentage of C 2 S results in slow hardening, less heat of hydration, and great resistance to chemical attack.
  • Tricalcium silicate (C 3 S) : This is also called Alite.
  • It undergoes hydration within one week and helps in the development of strength in the early stages of concrete (aka hardening).

It has the best cementitious property among all the other Bogue’s Compounds. Tricalcium Silicate (C 3 S) hardens rapidly and is largely responsible for the initial set and early strength. Last updated on Sep 26, 2022 The Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited (RVUNL) released the final result on 14th March 2022 for various disciplines of RVUNL JEn (Junior Engineer) posts.

What is the composition of Portland cement?

Composition of cement Composition of cement Introduction Portland cement gets its strength from chemical reactions between the cement and water. The process is known as, This is a complex process that is best understood by first understanding the chemical composition of cement. Manufacture of cement Portland cement is manufactured by crushing, milling and proportioning the following materials:

Lime or calcium oxide, CaO: from limestone, chalk, shells, shale or calcareous rock Silica, SiO 2 : from sand, old bottles, clay or argillaceous rock Alumina, Al 2 O 3 : from bauxite, recycled aluminum, clay Iron, Fe 2 O 3 : from from clay, iron ore, scrap iron and fly ash Gypsum, CaSO 4,2H 2 0: found together with limestone

The materials, without the gypsum, are proportioned to produce a mixture with the desired chemical composition and then ground and blended by one of two processes – dry process or wet process. The materials are then fed through a kiln at 2,600º F to produce grayish-black pellets known as clinker.

Chemical shorthand Because of the complex chemical nature of cement, a shorthand form is used to denote the chemical compounds. The shorthand for the basic compounds is:

You might be interested:  What Are The Different Types Of Construction Drawings?
Compound Formula Shorthand form
Calcium oxide (lime) Ca0 C
Silicon dioxide (silica) SiO 2 S
Aluminum oxide (alumina) Al 2 O 3 A
Iron oxide Fe 2 O 3 F
Water H 2 O H
Sulfate SO 3 S

Chemical composition of clinker The cement clinker formed has the following typical composition:

Compound Formula Shorthand form % by weight 1
Tricalcium aluminate Ca 3 Al 2 O 6 C 3 A 10
Tetracalcium aluminoferrite Ca 4 Al 2 Fe 2 O 10 C 4 AF 8
Belite or dicalcium silicate Ca 2 SiO 5 C 2 S 20
Alite or tricalcium silicate Ca 3 SiO 4 C 3 S 55
Sodium oxide Na 2 O N ) )Up to 2
Potassium oxide K 2 O K
Gypsum CaSO 4,2H 2 O C S H 2 5

Representative weights only. Actual weight varies with type of cement. Source: Mindess & Young Properties of cement compounds These compounds contribute to the properties of cement in different ways Tricalcium aluminate, C 3 A:- It liberates a lot of heat during the early stages of hydration, but has little strength contribution.

  • Gypsum slows down the hydration rate of C 3 A.
  • Cement low in C 3 A is sulfate resistant.
  • Tricalcium silicate, C 3 S:- This compound hydrates and hardens rapidly.
  • It is largely responsible for portland cement’s initial set and early strength gain.
  • Dicalcium silicate, C 2 S: C 2 S hydrates and hardens slowly.

It is largely responsible for strength gain after one week. Ferrite, C 4 AF: This is a fluxing agent which reduces the melting temperature of the raw materials in the kiln (from 3,000 o F to 2,600 o F). It hydrates rapidly, but does not contribute much to strength of the cement paste.

By mixing these compounds appropriately, manufacturers can produce different types of cement to suit several construction environments. References: Sidney Mindess & J. Francis Young (1981): Concrete, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp.671. Steve Kosmatka & William Panarese (1988): Design and Control of Concrete Mixes, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Ill.

pp.205. Michael Mamlouk & John Zaniewski (1999): Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers, Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., : Composition of cement

What is the difference between Portland cement 1 and 2?

Impact of physical characteristics – Particle size Blaine fineness is a measure of the fineness of the cement particles, determined in accordance with ASTM C204, “Standard Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability Apparatus.” The total surface area of particles filling a given volume increases as the particle size decreases.

  1. Therefore, smaller particle sizes provides more contact area for mix water.
  2. Increased cement surface area and greater contact area for mix water allows finer cements to react more readily with water, which can expedite hydration, early-age strength gain and setting time.
  3. Some of the primary cement types have particle size requirements in the form of Blaine fineness limits to help the cements perform as designated by their type.

For example, Type III cement will have a higher proportion of smaller particle sizes to help achieve greater early-age strength development, while Type IV cement is likely to have a greater proportion of larger particle sizes to help regulate set time and provide lower heat of hydration. Which Cement Contains Maximum Percentage Of Dicalcium Silicate Figure 3 Average (mean) ASTM C191 time of set for portland cements. Numbers on the columns indicate the number of cements included in the average (Tennis 2016).3 Paste made with Type I cement is required to achieve a minimum compressive strength of 1,740 psi at 3 days and 2,760 psi at 7 days.

  1. Paste made with Type II cement is required to achieve a compressive strength of 1,450 psi at 3 days and 2,470 psi at 7 days.
  2. Paste made with Type V cement is required to exhibit a minimum compressive strength of 1,160 psi at 3 days, 2,180 psi at 7 days and 3,050 psi at 28 days.
  3. Because Type II and Type V cements have lower C 3 A contents to achieve greater sulfate resistance, it is reasonable to expect slightly lower compressive strength results at early ages.

Paste made with Type III cement for use when higher early-age strength is desired is required to exhibit a minimum compressive strength of 1,740 psi at 1 day and 3,480 psi at 3 days. No further strength requirements are outlined because early age generally applies to the first few days of hydration.

What is the most dominant constituent of cement Mcq?

Basic Civil Engineering Questions and Answers – Ingredients of Cement This set of Basic Civil Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Ingredients of Cement”.1. What is the most dominant constituent of cement? a) Silica b) Lime c) Magnesia d) Alumina View Answer Answer: b Explanation: Cement contains about 60-65% of lime.

2. Deficiency of lime in cement leads to: a) Unsound cement b) Disintegration of cement c) Quick setting of cement d) Expansion of cement View Answer

Answer: c Explanation: Presence of lime in sufficient quantity is necessary to form silicates and aluminates of calcium. Excess lime leads to expansion, disintegration and unsoundness of cement.3. What effect does calcium sulphate have on cement? a) Retards setting action b) Acts as flux c) Imparts colour d) Reduces strength View Answer Answer: a Explanation: Calcium sulphate is found in cement in the form of gypsum.

  • Its slows down the setting time of cement.
  • Note: Join free Sanfoundry classes at or 4.
  • Which of the following adds a quick-setting property to cement? a) Magnesium oxide b) Silicon dioxide c) Iron oxide d) Aluminium oxide View Answer Answer: d Explanation: Aluminium Oxide or Alumina is present in small quantity in cement and it helps in a quick-setting property.5.

Which of the following imparts greenish grey colour to cement? a) Calcium silicate b) Calcium aluminate c) Calcium aluminate ferrite d) Calcium carbonate View Answer Answer: c Explanation: Calcium silicate and calcium aluminate are pure white minerals.

Calcium aluminate ferrite is brown in colour, but due to absorption of light by magnesium, present as an impurity, greenish grey colour is imparted to cement.6. Excess of Alkali in cement results in: a) Dry cement paste b) Efflorescence c) Less plasticity d) Unsound cement View Answer Answer: b Explanation: Efflorescence is the formation of powdery substance on the surface of masonry or concrete work.

Alkalis usually get carried away by flue gases during heating. In excess quantity, they result in alkali-aggregate reaction.7. What function does iron oxide perform in cement? a) Increases strength b) Makes cement sound c) Increases setting time d) Acts as flux View Answer Answer: d Explanation: Iron oxide acts as a flux, in addition to being responsible for imparting colour to cement.

  • If the temperature goes higher, then iron oxide reacts with aluminium and calcium and results in the formation of calcium aluminate ferrite.8.
  • How many major ingredients are present in the composition of cement? a) 8 b) 5 c) 10 d) 6 View Answer Answer: a Explanation: There are 8 main ingredients present in cement.
You might be interested:  Why Pvc Is Not Used In Road Construction?

They are lime, silica, alumina, magnesia, iron oxide, calcium sulphate, sulphur trioxide and alkalis.9. Sulphur in cement is present in what amount? a) 0.5 – 6 g b) 1 – 2.5% c) 0.5 – 6% d) 1 – 2.5g View Answer Answer: b Explanation: The presence of ingredients is expressed in percentage.

Iron oxide is present in 0.5-6% and sulphur 1-2.5%.10. An excess of magnesium oxide after 5% is harmful to cement. a) True b) False View Answer Answer: a Explanation: Excess of magnesium causes problems in structures built with this cement. It causes cracks in both mortar and concrete after they harden.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Basic Civil Engineering. To practice all areas of Basic Civil Engineering,, Next Steps:

Get Free Participate in Become a Take Chapterwise Practice Tests: Chapterwise Mock Tests:

, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry, He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at, Subscribe to his free Masterclasses at & technical discussions at, : Basic Civil Engineering Questions and Answers – Ingredients of Cement

What is the percentage of limestone in cement?

Limestone is the most common form of calcium carbonate which is used extensively for the manufacture of cement. Cements in different types are made mainly by calcining a mixture of about 75% limestone and 25% clay to form a calcium silicate clinker which is then ground and mixed with a small amount of gypsum.

What is the common name of dicalcium silicate?

“Micro-cell” redirects here. For the battery type, see Micro cell,

Calcium silicate

Names
Preferred IUPAC name Calcium silicate
Systematic IUPAC name Dicalcium silicate
Other names Belite Calcium monosilicate Calcium hydrosilicate Calcium metasilicate, Calcium orthosilicate Micro-cell Silene Silicic acid calcium salt
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 1344-95-2
  • 111811-33-7 hydrate
  • 12168-85-3 calcium oxide
3D model ( JSmol )

Interactive image

ChEBI

CHEBI:190294

ChemSpider
  • 14235
  • 23811 calcium oxide
ECHA InfoCard 100.014.282
EC Number

235-336-9

E number E552 (acidity regulators,,)
KEGG

D03309

MeSH Calcium+silicate
PubChem CID
  • 14941
  • 44154858 hydrate
  • 25523 calcium oxide
UNII
  • S4255P4G5M
  • 404G39282C calcium oxide
CompTox Dashboard ( EPA )

DTXSID5049570

show InChI
show SMILES
Properties
Chemical formula Ca 2 O 4 Si
Molar mass 172.237 g·mol −1
Appearance White crystals
Density 2.9 g/cm 3 (solid)
Melting point 2,130 °C (3,870 °F; 2,400 K)
Solubility in water 0.01% (20 °C)
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy ( S ⦵ 298 ) 84 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ f H ⦵ 298 ) −1630 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code A02AC02 ( WHO )
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards Irritant
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) 2 0 0
Flash point Not applicable
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible) TWA 15 mg/m 3 (total) TWA 5 mg/m 3 (resp)
REL (Recommended) TWA 10 mg/m 3 (total) TWA 5 mg/m 3 (resp)
IDLH (Immediate danger) N.D.
Safety data sheet (SDS)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa). verify ( what is ?) Infobox references

Calcium silicate is the chemical compound Ca 2 SiO 4, also known as calcium orthosilicate and is sometimes formulated as 2CaO·SiO 2, It is also referred to by the shortened trade name Cal-Sil or Calsil. It occurs naturally as the mineral larnite,

What are the properties of dicalcium silicate?

Dicalcium Silicate Properties (Theoretical)

Compound Formula Ca 2 SiO 4
Appearance White powder
Melting Point 1540 °C
Boiling Point N/A
Density 0.29 g/cm 3

What are the properties of Portland cement?

2 Cementitious materials – Portland cement (OPC) consists of tri and dicalcium silicates, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium alumino ferrite and calcium sulfate as gypsum. It has adhesive and cohesive properties and is capable of binding together mineral fragments in presence of water so as to produce a continuous compact mass of masonary. Which Cement Contains Maximum Percentage Of Dicalcium Silicate Fig.2.1, Manufacturing process of Portland cement. Blended cements are mixtures of Portland cement and other hydraulic or non hydraulic materials (industrial and agricultural wastes such as fly ash, metakaoline, blast furnace slag, rice husk ash, etc.). Paste, mortar and Concretes are shown in Fig.2.2, Which Cement Contains Maximum Percentage Of Dicalcium Silicate Fig.2.2, Representation of OPC paste, mortar and concrete. Read full chapter URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128178546000027

How is dicalcium silicate made?

Polymorphs – Dicalcium silicate is stable, and is readily prepared from reactive CaO and SiO 2 at 300 °C. The low temperature form is γ-belite, or lime olivine, This form does not hydrate, and is avoided in cement manufacture. As the temperature rises, it passes through several polymorphic states:

Temp°C Name Crystal
>1425 α Hexagonal
1160–1425 α’ H Orthorhombic
680-1160 α’ L Orthorhombic
500-680 β Monoclinic
<500 γ Orthorhombic

What is the percentage composition of Portland cement?

ASTM C150 – Five types of portland cements exist, with variations of the first three according to ASTM C150. Type I portland cement is known as common or general-purpose cement. It is generally assumed unless another type is specified. It is commonly used for general construction, especially when making precast, and precast-prestressed concrete that is not to be in contact with soils or ground water.

You might be interested:  What Is Embodied Carbon In Construction?

The typical compound compositions of this type are: 55% (C 3 S), 19% (C 2 S), 10% (C 3 A), 7% (C 4 AF), 2.8% MgO, 2.9% (SO 3 ), 1.0% ignition loss, and 1.0% free CaO (utilizing Cement chemist notation ). A limitation on the composition is that the (C 3 A) shall not exceed 15%. Type II provides moderate sulfate resistance, and gives off less heat during hydration.

This type of cement costs about the same as type I. Its typical compound composition is: 51% (C 3 S), 24% (C 2 S), 6% (C 3 A), 11% (C 4 AF), 2.9% MgO, 2.5% (SO 3 ), 0.8% ignition loss, and 1.0% free CaO. A limitation on the composition is that the (C 3 A) shall not exceed 8%, which reduces its vulnerability to sulfates.

This type is for general construction exposed to moderate sulfate attack, and is meant for use when concrete is in contact with soils and ground water, especially in the western United States due to the high sulfur content of the soils. Because of similar price to that of type I, type II is much used as a general purpose cement, and the majority of portland cement sold in North America meets this specification.

Note: Cement meeting (among others) the specifications for types I and II has become commonly available on the world market. Type III has relatively high early strength. Its typical compound composition is: 57% (C 3 S), 19% (C 2 S), 10% (C 3 A), 7% (C 4 AF), 3.0% MgO, 3.1% (SO 3 ), 0.9% ignition loss, and 1.3% free CaO.

This cement is similar to type I, but ground finer. Some manufacturers make a separate clinker with higher C 3 S and/or C 3 A content, but this is increasingly rare, and the general purpose clinker is usually used, ground to a specific surface area typically 50–80% higher. The gypsum level may also be increased a small amount.

This gives the concrete using this type of cement a three-day compressive strength equal to the seven-day compressive strength of types I and II. Its seven-day compressive strength is almost equal to 28-day compressive strengths of types I and II. The only downside is that the six-month strength of type III is the same or slightly less than that of types I and II.

Therefore, the long-term strength is sacrificed. It is usually used for precast concrete manufacture, where high one-day strength allows fast turnover of molds. It may also be used in emergency construction and repairs, and construction of machine bases and gate installations. Type IV portland cement is generally known for its low heat of hydration.

Its typical compound composition is: 28% (C 3 S), 49% (C 2 S), 4% (C 3 A), 12% (C 4 AF), 1.8% MgO, 1.9% (SO 3 ), 0.9% ignition loss, and 0.8% free CaO. The percentages of (C 2 S) and (C 4 AF) are relatively high and (C 3 S) and (C 3 A) are relatively low.

A limitation on this type is that the maximum percentage of (C 3 A) is seven, and the maximum percentage of (C 3 S) is thirty-five. This causes the heat given off by the hydration reaction to develop at a slower rate. Consequently, the strength of the concrete develops slowly. After one or two years the strength is higher than the other types after full curing.

This cement is used for very large concrete structures, such as dams, which have a low surface to volume ratio. This type of cement is generally not stocked by manufacturers, but some might consider a large special order. This type of cement has not been made for many years, because portland-pozzolan cements and ground granulated blast furnace slag addition offer a cheaper and more reliable alternative.

  1. Type V is used where sulfate resistance is important.
  2. Its typical compound composition is: 38% (C 3 S), 43% (C 2 S), 4% (C 3 A), 9% (C 4 AF), 1.9% MgO, 1.8% (SO 3 ), 0.9% ignition loss, and 0.8% free CaO.
  3. This cement has a very low (C 3 A) composition which accounts for its high sulfate resistance.
  4. The maximum content of (C 3 A) allowed is 5% for type V portland cement.

Another limitation is that the (C 4 AF) + 2(C 3 A) composition cannot exceed 20%. This type is used in concrete to be exposed to alkali soil and ground water sulfates which react with (C 3 A) causing disruptive expansion. It is unavailable in many places, although its use is common in the western United States and Canada.

As with type IV, type V portland cement has mainly been supplanted by the use of ordinary cement with added ground granulated blast furnace slag or tertiary blended cements containing slag and fly ash. Types Ia, IIa, and IIIa have the same composition as types I, II, and III. The only difference is that in Ia, IIa, and IIIa, an air-entraining agent is ground into the mix.

The air-entrainment must meet the minimum and maximum optional specification found in the ASTM manual. These types are only available in the eastern United States and Canada, only on a limited basis. They are a poor approach to air-entrainment which improves resistance to freezing under low temperatures.

What is the composition of Portland cement?

Chemical composition – Portland cement is made up of four main compounds: tricalcium silicate (3CaO · SiO 2 ), dicalcium silicate (2CaO · SiO 2 ), tricalcium aluminate (3CaO · Al 2 O 3 ), and a tetra-calcium aluminoferrite (4CaO · Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 ).